Article
The research purpose was to analyze certain biomechanical parameters such as impact force, execution time and reaction speed depending on the height and distance of execution in two different groups of female athletes.
Methods and organization of the research. The study was conducted at the Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Tourism in Kazan by the Department of Theory and Methodology of Martial Arts together with the Laboratory of Sports Biomechanics of the Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport. The experiment involved 20 female athletes aged 18-24 who practice taekwondo.
Results and discussion. The female athletes performed punches twice from each execution distance (short, normal and long) towards two targets of different heights (chest and head) in a random order. Unskilled female athletes hit the head with a greater response than the chest (p < 0.05), but skilled female athletes were able to hit with equal effectiveness at both heights. From short and normal distances, experts hit with the same efficiency, whereas from normal distance, novices had a longer reaction and execution time than from short distance (p < 0.05).
Conclusion. It was found that in unqualified female athletes the distance and the target height significantly affect the performance of the kick, while in skilled athletes it is only the distance. Unskilled female athletes are unable to effectively adapt techniques when changing distance, which negatively affects the execution time and power of the kick. This emphasizes the importance of adapting techniques to distance and requires the attention of coaches.
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