ON THE STAGES OF FORMATION OF STATE REGULATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND ITS CONTENT

The article presents the results of retrospective analytical studies on the problem of development of national physical education. The process of its formation is characterized at two levels (through government regulation and privately on the initiative of enthusiasts) and in two directions (along military and civilian lines). Five stages of transformation of approaches to state regulation of physical education training have been identified. The essential basis of three generations of state educational standards in the field of physical culture and sports is revealed in detail, and a comparison of the requirements and regulations contained in them is carried out.

The purpose of the research is to identify the stages of development of state regulation of professional physical education in Russia and to determine the fundamental principles of its content.

Methods and organization of the research. The study was carried out between 2020 and 2024 using methods of theoretical analysis, generalization and systematization of data from specialized literature, archival and program documents, accounting and statistical documents, official Internet sources, as well as methods of retrospective and content analysis and technology of the historical-contextual approach.

Research results. The study established that the process of formation of professional physical education in Russia began in the 19th century. The date of the beginning of its state regulation on the military side should be considered 1816, when the School of monitors – assistant teachers in fencing was opened at a separate Guards Corps, on the civilian side – 1896, when the Courses for teachers and leaders of physical education by P.F. Lesgaft. Five stages can be distinguished in the transformation of state regulation of physical education: 1) the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries; 2) from 1918 to the 30s of the 20th century; 3) from the late 30s to the 60-70s of the 20th century; 4) from the 70s to the 90s of the 20th century; 5) since the 90s of the 20th century to the present. The content of all generations of physical education training programs is based on the fundamental foundations laid by P.F. Lesgaft. The structure of the curriculum and the list of compulsory disciplines, formed by the 50s of the twentieth century, have been preserved in their general basis to the present day.

Conclusion. The conducted research indicates the continuity of the historical development of professional physical education in Russia, which must be taken into account on the path of its further transformation, determined by the current demands of the time.

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