INDIVIDUALIZED APPROACH TO DEVELOPING STRENGTH AND SPEED QUALITIES IN PERFORMING SPEED-STRENGTH ACTIONS

Research purpose – increasing the speed-strength abilities of judokas using the developed methodology for determining the share of the implementation of strength and speed physical qualities in speed-strength motor acts performed with maximum effort. 

Methods and organization of the research. The ability of an athlete to realize the power and speed potential, determined in a single motor act performed with maximum power while overcoming increased and lighter resistance, respectively, in a cycle of motor actions formed the basis for the development of a methodology for determining the share of strength and speed qualities in the performance of wrestling techniques and other speed-strength actions of a judoka. The feasibility of using the developed methodology to improve the speed-strength qualities of a judoka was tested by a pedagogical experiment with the participation of 24 athletes at the stage of sports specialization. The judokas of the control group used predominantly strength-oriented exercises to develop speed and strength qualities. For the same purpose, the subjects of the experimental group emphasized the development of lagging strength or speed physical qualities identified when using the developed methodology. Determination of the lagging components (speed or strength) in the implementation of speed-strength motor action was carried out by comparing the levels of speed and strength endurance, determined as a percentage relative to the average developed effort in cycles of movements and the developed maximum force in a single “working” movement, performed, respectively, in light and weighted conditions. The light and weighted conditions were defined as the performance of motor actions with overcoming the initial resistance of 25% and 75% of the maximum static force, respectively. 
The pedagogical experiment was carried out over a 3-month preparatory period with 6 weekly training sessions.

Research results and discussion. As a result of the study, the effectiveness of increasing the speed and strength abilities of judokas at the stage of sports specialization while eliminating lagging speed or strength qualities was revealed in comparison with the use of exercises aimed at increasing strength abilities in the training process.

Conclusion. The use of the developed methodology for determining lagging speed or strength qualities in performing speed-strength exercises allows us to individualize and optimize the training process of judokas at the stage of sports specialization. 

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