PHYSICAL PREPARATION OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN CONDITIONS OF TARGETED AND COMPREHENSIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Purpose of the research: to identify the physical preparedness of junior schoolchildren in the context of two- and four-year implementation of targeted and comprehensive physical education.

Methods and organization of the research. The studies were longitudinal in nature and were conducted in the period from 2004 to 2022 on the basis of educational institutions in the Omsk region, Omsk and Pavlodar (Republic of Kazakhstan) in conditions of targeted and comprehensive physical education (TPE and CPE), lasting two and four years. Pedagogical control tests were carried out according to the tests recommended by A.I. Kravchuk, V.I. Lyakh, A.A. Zdanevich.

Results and their discussion. In conditions of TPE, sensitive periods in the development of physical qualities are the 8th and 10th years of age for boys, and the 8th, 10th and 11th years of age for girls. The presence of sensitive periods is not realized in increasing the level of development of static strength and speed-strength endurance. At the beginning of the next academic year, more than half of schoolchildren show non-compliance with standard values in all indicators of physical fitness. In conditions of CPE, sensitive periods in the development of physical qualities, both in boys and girls, are the 8th and 11th years of life. The development of physical qualities is progressive and uniform, since more than half of schoolchildren maintain standard values of physical fitness at the beginning of the next school year, and exceed them at its end.

Conclusion. Regardless of the duration of pedagogical influences, the sensitive periods in the development of physical qualities in younger schoolchildren in conditions of TPE are the 8th and 10th years of life. In conditions of CPE, the duration of pedagogical influences is important. Sensitive periods in the development of physical qualities are with four-year exposures – the 8th and 12th years of life, with two-year exposures – the 8th and 10th years of life.

• Bguashev A.B. Differentiated selection of means for the developmen of motor qualities of schoolchildren aged 7-12 years: abstract. dis. ... candidate of Pedagogical Sciences. – Maykop, 1998. – 23 p.
• Vilenskaya T.E. New physiological and biomechanical approaches to improving the content of physical education classes in primary school: dis. ... candidate of Pedagogical Sciences. – Krasnodar, 2001. – 163 p.
• Volkov L.V. Theory and methodology of children's and youth sports: textbook – Kiev: Olympic Literature, 2002. – 295 p.
• Guzhalovsky A.A. The stages of the development of physical (motor) qualities and the problem of optimizing the physical training of school-age children: abstract of dis. of Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences: 13.00.04. – M. : [B. I.], 1979. – 26 p.
• Lyubomirsky L.E. Movement control in children and adolescents. – M.: Pedagogy, 1974. – 229 p.
• Mukhina M.P. Formation of the motor potential of preschool and primary school age children in the context of the implementation of the pedagogical system of continuous physical education // Omsk Scientific Bulletin. – №2 (106), 2012. – Pp. 193-198.
• The approximate work program for primary general education "Physical culture" (approved by the decision of the Federal Educational and Methodological Association (FUMO) for general education (Protocol 3/21 of 09/27/2021).
• Solodkov A.S., Sologub E.B. Human physiology. General. Sports. Age group: textbook – 2nd ed., rev. and add. – M.: Olympia Press, 2005. – 528 p.
• Travin Yu.G. On the development of motor qualities in schoolchildren // Physical culture at school. - 1981. – No. 4. – pp. 9-15.
• Khripkova A.G., Antropova M.V., Farber D.A. Age physiology and school hygiene: handbook. – M.: Education, 1990. – 319 p.
• Balyi I. (2005). Long-term atlete development. Resource paper. Ottawa: Canadian Sport for Life, Canadian Sport Centers, 26, 28, pp.5.
• Drabik, J. (1990). Uwarunkowania somaticzne wytrzymalosci drieci i mtoziezy / J. Drabik// Wychow. fi z. i sport. 1990. № 2. S. 25-35.
• French, D.N., Jones, T. and Kraemer, W.J. (2014). Strength development in youths. In: R.S. Lloyd and J.L. Oliver, eds., Strength and conditioning for young athletes: Science and application, 1st ed. London; New York: Routledge, pp. 66-79.
• Tittel K. (1991) Coordination and balance. In: A. Dirix, H.G. Knuttgen and K. Tittel, eds., The Olympic Book of Sports Medicine, 1st ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientifi c, pp. 194-211.
• Whithall J. (2003). Development of locomotor coordination and control in children. In: G.J.P. Savelsberg, K. Davids and J. Van Der Kamp, eds., Development of Movement Coordination in Children, 1st ed. London: Routledge, pp. 251-270.