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Vol 12 (S1) 2024

Article

THE MOTOR ERRORS EFFECT ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE: REVIEW OF RESEARCH APPROACHES USING SPRINT RUNNING EXAMPLE (0.64 Mb, pdf) Read
Authors:
Pomerantsev Andrey Aleksandrovich
Starchenkov Michail Borisovich
Keywords:
kinesiology
biomechanics
sprint running
neural network
associative rules
factor analysis
regression analysis
motor asymmetry
Annotation:

Each deviation of movement from optimal parameters should be considered as a motor error. Each motor error has a negative effect on athletic performance. The overcoming motor errors is the meaning of technical training.

Methods and organization of the research. The article provides examples of the practical use of various mathematical and statistical methods that allow establishing the influence of biomechanical characteristics and motor errors on sports performance. In relation to this purpose, the possibilities of correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, method of searching for association rules, method of neural networks, one-way analysis of variance, mathematical modeling are considered. Four data sets obtained empirically were used for the analysis: set №. 1 – includes data on 41 athletes: kinematic data (60 indicators) of sprint running, 5 anthropometric data, 5 individual characteristics; set №. 2 – includes data on 36 athletes: the length of successive steps in sprint running; set №. 3 – includes data on 10 athletes: the results of an expert assessment of technical running errors (16 possible errors) by 10 coaches; set №. 4 – instantaneous speed of Usain Bolt, recorded by a laser system with a frequency of 100 Hz in the process of setting a world record for 100 m setting.

Results and discussion. The article presents the results of 8 studies based on various mathematical and statistical methods, which made it possible to identify the main approaches to the study of the issue: qualitative and quantitative, theoretical and empirical, an approach based on the study of a single movement, an approach based on the study of a motor pattern, an approach based on the study of a technique model of motor action, studies of movements in natural conditions, in laboratory conditions, in a virtual environment, as well as descriptive and predictive approaches.

Conclusion. The identified approaches provide researchers with many opportunities to choose the research concepts for studying motor errors and their impact on athletic performance.

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