PECULIARITIES OF ADAPTATION OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED CHILDREN TO STATIC AND DYNAMIC PHYSICAL LOAD

The research purpose – to study the reactions of urgent adaptation of the cardiovascular system (CVS) of visually impaired children to static and dynamic physical activity. 

Methods and organization of the research. The study involved girls aged 7-9 years old studying at «Kazan School No. 172 for children with disabilities». The assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system was carried out according to the indicators of the pumping function of the heart and blood pressure using the «Reo-Spectrum» rheographic complex, which includes an analog-to-digital converter, an Omron M2 Basic (HEM7121-RU) tonometer with a pediatric cuff. As functional tests, a dosed local static load in the form of a dynamometric test was used, as well as a dosed physical load according to Martinet-Kushelevsky. 

Results and discussion. It has been established that in girls with visual impairment, the reaction of the cardiovascular system to a dosed static and dynamic load is accompanied by an increase in systolic, diastolic, mean hemodynamic blood pressure and heart rate in the absence of an increase in stroke volume. There are 9-year-old girls who have a decrease in blood pressure parameters during dynamic physical activity against the background of severe tachycardia and the absence of stroke volume dynamics. 

Conclusion. In visually impaired children, regardless of the nature of physical activity, adaptive changes in the cardiovascular system are accompanied by an increase in vascular reactions and chronotropic function of the heart in the absence of an increase in cardiac output, with the exception of 9-year-old girls who have a drop in blood pressure after dynamic exercise. This may indicate signs of early fatigue in the cardiovascular system and a decrease in its reserve capacity, indicate the lack of formation of mechanisms for urgent adaptation to muscular activity of a static and dynamic nature. 

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