Article
The purpose of the research was to evaluate the annual variation of body composition and physical fitness indicators among new clients of fitness clubs (52 men and 86 women, 34.2 + 9 years old).
Research methods: Each examinee underwent the procedure of ”fitness testing” with the determination of body weight, body composition, indices of “endurance”, “strength” and “flexibility” at least three times in different periods of the annual cycle. The amplitude and annual dynamics of the indicators were estimated.
Results: the indicators reached the maximum changes between 2.2 and 4.7 months of training, then the indicators decreased but remained higher than the ones before training. The variations (1,35-1,75%) and the fitness training's effect sizes (ES) were trivial for body weight, resting heart rate, and Rufier's index. Significant improvement and average ES were observed in body fat percent (13.4%) and the Integral fitness Index (15.6%). Small ES was observed in indicators of body muscles percent (4,7%), indices of “VO2max” and “Anaerobic threshold” (10,7% and 11,7%), upper body and lower body strength (12.7% and 11.7%), flexibility (11.9%). All medium and small ES were significant.
Conclusion: training 1.63 times a week in a fitness club was effective for improving and maintaining body composition, all indicators of physical fitness, but not for body weight in youth, 1st and 2nd mature age of fitness participants.
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