Article
The purpose of the study was to review the scientific literature on approaches to improving the effectiveness of highly skilled biathletes' comprehensive training.
Methods and organization of the study. A theoretical analysis of scientific publications by Russian and international scientists was conducted using data from the PubMed, Scopus, eLibrary, Google Scholar, and CyberLeninka databases. A total of 51 sources were analyzed.
Study Results and Discussion. Over the past decade, the understanding of the factors determining performance in biathlon has significantly expanded. However, the literature continues to focus on technical, functional, biological, and psychological factors in isolation, limiting the practical implementation of integrative approaches. This review summarizes current data on the relationship between racing and shooting components, as well as the influence of physiological fatigue, psychophysiological, and environmental factors on competitive performance.
Conclusion. A promising area of research is the study of neurophysiological mechanisms that switch between activity components during competitions. The need for complex training as a competitive exercise model is coupled with the complexity of systematically ensuring functional compliance with shooting conditions during training. The value of further research aimed at developing objective criteria for assessing the functional state and psychological readiness of biathletes is noted.
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