Article
The purpose of the work. To determine the assessment of the fitness of swimmers and sprinters aged 12-14 years, taking into account the application of individualization in the sensitive training period. .Methods and organization of research. Collection and analysis of scientific and methodological literature, mathematical statistics (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test), conclusions and suggestions. The study was conducted in 2023-2025 on the basis of the sports school “Raduga” (St. Petersburg) with the participation of 34 boys aged 12-14 (KG and EG, training stage, sports specialization according to the federal standard).The results of the study and their discussion. It was found that EG swimmers aged 12-14 years (individualization in the sensitive period) showed significantly higher gains (p<0.05) according to the criteria: speed, thrust strength in coordination, result at 800 m crawl, range of sneaking. The criteria "propulsive stroke characteristic" and "arm pull force" did not give significant differences (p>0.05) due to incomplete formation of the upper shoulder girdle in boys of this age.Conclusion. The data confirm that individualization in the sensitive period of sprinters aged 12-14 years provides higher gains in physical, functional, and technical coordination indicators (especially speed, traction in coordination, 800 m, and range of a sneak). The developed system of 19 criteria (the most significant at p<0.05) is effective, justified and recommended for sprinters at the training stage in swimming sports schools.
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