The impact of the program of rational nutrition and physical activity on functional state of body of female students not involved in sports

The purpose is to study the effect of the program of rational nutrition and motor activity on the functional state of body of female students not involved in sports. Materials and methods. 10 female students not involved in sports were examined in two control periods. During the first control period we established the initial anthropometric and physiological characteristics of the girls in order to develop the program of rational nutrition and motor activity on their basis. In the second control period, 18 days later, similar measurements were made and its effectiveness was assessed. The functional state of the cardiovascular system was studied through the method of impedance cardiograph. The vital capacity of the lungs was measured by an electronic spirometer. The dimensions of the shoulders, upper and lower legs were measured with a centimeter tape, the thickness of the skin-fat fold in the area of the anterior abdomen, upper legs and the lower angle of the shoulder blade was determined by a digital electronic caliper. Body weight, muscle mass, fat component, as well as metabolic rate were determined by the fat mass analyzer. Results. According to the results of the experimental program, the body weight of students decreased, mainly due to the reduction of fat component with simultaneous muscle enhancement. At the same time, the hip breadth index became significantly lower than it was before the experiment, and the thickness of the skin-fat fold on the hips decreased by 27%, on the anterior abdomen by 25%, on the back surface of the shoulder by 34%. At the same time, there is a decrease in the heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac output, as well as an increase in the vital capacity of the lungs, which reflects an increase in the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system and the efficiency of its functioning. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the experimental program is confirmed by the Wilcoxon criterion of reducing morphological parameters and increasing physiological reserves of the cardiovascular and respiratory system. The method of correlative adaptometry reflects different types of reactions to environmental factors and the effectiveness of the experimental program for people with high fat content in the body.

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