PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE TECHNIQUE OF BREASTSTROKE SWIMMING

The article discusses the features of the distribution of intracycle speed during breaststroke swimming among high-class swimmers and young swimmers at the initial stage of training. Analysis of literary sources (Krasnikov A.F., Mosunov D.F.) indicates the presence of recommendations on the optimal (model) distribution of the speed of the common center of mass in breaststroke swimming. The study involved 12 swimmers specializing in breaststroke swimming (one master of sports of international class, four masters of sports and seven candidates for master of sports) and 10 swimmers aged 10-11 years. 

The research purpose was to find directions for further improvement of the breaststroke swimming technique.

The task of the study: to identify variants of the nature of distribution of intracycle speed during breaststroke swimming in highly skilled swimmers and young swimmers aged 10-11 years. 

The research object was the technical training of swimmers. The subject of the study was the nature of the intracycle speed distribution in breaststroke swimming. As a hypothesis, we assume that already at the initial stage of training there may be errors in the formation of elements of swimming technique, which can persist for a long time up to the stage of higher sportsmanship, the reason for which may be the lack of objective methods of biomechanical control. Speedography [1] was used as an objective method for recording intracycle swimming speed. It was revealed that qualified swimmers showed mainly four variants of intracycle swimming speed distribution in the movement cycle. An attempt to find the nature of the intracycle velocity distribution, close to the model one, was unsuccessful. The analysis of this indicator in swimmers aged 10-11 years revealed a significant value of the coefficient of variation in certain phases of movements and a similar, in some cases, the nature of the distribution of intracycle speed in swimmers of high qualification. It can be assumed that the reason for the persistence of errors in technique is the fact of insufficient attention to the formation of effective swimming technique at different stages of swimmers' training which is associated with the lack of objective biomechanical control and the necessary equipment.

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