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KNEE INJURIES IN ATHLETES: CLASSIFICATION, SYMPTOMS AND CAUSES (0.62 Mb, pdf) Read
Authors:
Kashapov Ravil Iskhakovich
Annotation:

The purpose of this review was to carry out a comparative analysis of the data on the sports injuries of the lower leg of athletes performing physical activity, which has a running character of motor activity.
Methods and organization of the research. An analysis of the literature on the study of the distinctive features of injuries of the calf muscles in athletes performing a running load was carried out using sources included in the citation databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, RSCI.
Results and discussion. This review article discusses the main causes of pain in the calf muscles as a result of physical and training work of athletes performing running loads. Particular interest in the presented work is devoted to the aspects of studying an effective diagnosis in the lower part of the knee. The article analyzes information about the impact of the main traumatic factors on the musculoskeletal system of athletes performing running exercises from the point of view of biomechanics. Various effects influencing the degree of damage to the structures of the gastrocnemius muscles are considered.
Conclusion. The main traumatic factor for the lower leg is prolonged and repeated loads (overstrain) on it with an insufficient rest period, during which the functions of the calf muscles must be restored to normal. Constant overstrain of the leg muscles can be provoked by various reasons, the determination of which is important for proper prevention and therapy. The main causes of shin pain include biomechanical overload syndrome, muscle spasms, bone tension, accessory muscles and Baker's cysts, neurological pathology, peripheral arterial disease, popliteal artery entrapment, deep vein thrombosis, and certain medications.

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