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TRENDS IN THE MENTAL DEVELOPMENT AND COORDINATION ABILITIES OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE XX CENTURY AND TWO DECADES OF THE XXI CENTURY (REWIEW) (0.66 Mb, pdf) Read
Authors:
Liakh Vladimir Iosifovich
Annotation:

The purpose is to establish trends in mental development and coordination abilities in schoolchildren of the 20th century and two decades of the 21st century (review).

Research methods: review and analysis of scientific and methodological literature.

Results and discussion. Accelerated children' and adolescents' mental development was established in the second half of the 20th century. This is due to an increase in knowledge, improved learning methods, and an increase in the media's influence. Perceptual capacity, time of simple reaction and anticipation in 2001 were 10% higher vs the counterparts of 1987/88. In recent years, further improvement of these mental processes has stopped.
Coordination skills had been improved through all the twentieth century until the mid-90-s, especially in children from 7 to 13-14 years old. From 1975 to 1995, adolescents and youths of 15-19 years old have stagnated or even worsened results by 5-15% in coordination abilities' development. Over the last 30 years of the twentieth century the girls' and women's performance in physical coordination clearly approached the male counterparts' performance, as well as in physical fitness.

Conclusion. The main phenomenon of motor development is recognized as the transition of secular acceleration, which took place before the mid-80s of the last century, to secular stagnation, regression or retardation at the end of the twentieth century. The reasons for this phenomenon in the field of motor skills are considered: a marked decline in motor activity, an increase in "fat nutrition", "technicalization of the world", limited body dexterity experience (in running, jumping, throwing, active games, gymnastics, etc.), "staying at home", widespread uncontrolled use of gadgets and similar means of communication.
The culture, surrounding kids and adolescents, should be transformed and modified in order to change their time spending, game, and physical experience, the experience of being in the media space, the experience of reducing the intellectual load towards the physical one.

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