MOLECULAR GENETIC ASPECTS OF SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE IN CYCLIC SPORTS

The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of the genetic status of rowing athletes and swimmers of high sports qualifications.

Methods and organization of research. The cohort studies brought together a control group (215 people), a group of rowers (215 people) of high qualification (Candidates Masters of Sports - 54, Masters of Sports - 102, Masters of Sports International Class - 59); a group of swimmers (127) of high qualification (Candidates Masters of Sports - 114, Masters of Sports - 13). The typing of the polymorphism of the studied genes was carried out using the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with subsequent processing of the amplification by restriction endonucleases (NlaIII, TaqI, MspI, BslI).

The results of the study. We have substantiated the panel of genetic markers that determine successful performance in rowing, including the following polymorphic systems: I / D of the ACE gene, Met174Thr of the AGT gene, Ser482Gly of the PPARGC1A gene, + 294T / C of the PPARD gene, G2027C of the PPAPA gene, S / L of the 5HTT gene; T102C of the 5HT2A gene. Despite the relative similarity of requirements for successful performance in rowing and swimming, significant differences in the genetic status of successful athletes were revealed.

Conclusion. Analysis of the expression of genetic markers, the number of which is constantly increasing, makes it possible to predict not only the development patterns of physical qualities of an athlete, but also to assess his training potential. It helps us to identify approaches to the development and correction of training programs for specific athletes based on their genetic status. Summarizing the results of the initial selection in the cyclic sports section, we can recommend the analysis of the following polymorphic markers: I / D gene ACE, Thr174Met gene AGT, G2528C gene PPARA, Gly482Ser gene PPARGC1A, + 294T / C gene PPARD, C102T gene 5HT2 L, 5HTA S gene 5HTT.

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