HISTORICAL-CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPTS “GYMNASTICS”, “PHYSICAL EDUCATION”, “PHYSICAL TRAINING” AS THE BASIS OF A MODERN THESAURUS OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN MOTOR ACTIVITY

Purpose of the research: to explore the concepts of “gymnastics”, “physical education” and “physical training” in the context of changes in semantic load from the moment of their origin to the present time.

Research methods. A retrospective analysis of the emergence of the concepts “gymnastics”, “physical education” and “physical training” was carried out using the method of formal-logical, perceptual-semantic analysis and synthesis. The technology of historical-context analysis, which declares the need for maximum caution in the use of modern terms and concepts when analyzing sources of past times, since, firstly, they might not have existed in those times, and, secondly, the semantic load of these terms and concepts could be completely different.

Research results and discussion. One of the main scientific directions of the new scientific specialty 5.8.7 – Methodology and technology of vocational education is “The conceptual apparatus of vocational education and its development.” This direction is of particular relevance for the formation of the scientific foundations for the formation of a thesaurus of professional education in the field of physical activity. This is primarily due to the fact that currently the terminological apparatus of the theory of physical culture is experiencing difficulties associated with the ambiguity of many concepts used by teachers of physical education universities. This article invites researchers, involved in the formation of a conceptual apparatus in the field of physical culture and sports, to apply the methodology of historical-context analysis. Its use will allow not only to explore one or the other historical reality, but also to understand deeply the history of the emergence of certain author’s views. This technology will make it possible to identify their involvement, on the one hand, with previous (historically speaking) ideas, and on the other, their role in the historical understanding of a specific fragment of the historical process through reconstruction. The article presents the results of using this analysis using the example of such terms as “gymnastics”, “physical education”, “physical training”.

Conclusion. The origins of the term “gymnastics” date back to ancient Greece. Judging by the discovered sources, the concept of “physical education” is 200
years old in 2024, and the concept of “physical training” was 180 years old in 2023 (1843-2024). Initially, the semantic load of the terms was different and currently does not actually agree with their representation in the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the general theory of physical culture. This must be taken into account when determining their place in the thesaurus of professional education in the field of human motor activity, especially when forming its methodology.

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