Article
The issue of standards and regulation of training loads in recreational programs is a key challenge in the strategy of physical education for adult people.
The aim of the research: to determine permissible values and appropriate methods of the regulation of training loads in recreational exercise programs for women aged 45-65 and older.
Research methods and organization. We carried out the research in a rehabilitative group at the Physical Culture Institute. The study involved 65 women aged 45-65 and older with different physical activity experience. We assessed the health status of women in their age group.
We used the following research methods: study and analysis of scientific and methodical literature, pulse monitoring, exercise timing, bicycle ergometer test of physical capacity PWC150, pedagogical observation, educational testing.
Research results. Identification of training pulse for each participant of the training program is an essential methodical aspect. On the one hand, it makes it possible to individualize exercise loads, and on the other hand - to reveal its adequacy to individual capabilities. We used the Karvonen formula to determine individual permissible values of training loads for the participants.
We used exercise timing and heart rate indicators to determine the “pulse value” of specific exercises, their combinations, and the whole training session.
We identified the most effective ways to control training loads in recreational programs for adults, which provide the diversification of training program and its adaptation to the abilities of participants. A variety of approaches to load management provides an opportunity for their selection and diversification at different stages of long-term recreational training.
Conclusion. Long-term studies of the condition of women aged 45 years and older involved in physical activities revealed that specially developed methods of recreational training, load individualization and the use of appropriate regulation methods provide maintenance of the functional body state and motor abilities even in older people.
1. Akopian E.S., Agadzhanian M.G., Chshmaritian M.V., Karapetian A.V. Assessment of the functional state of cardiovascular system of women of mature and elderly age in the process of long-term recreational training. Research papers of the IX Congress on Cardiology in Armenia [Nauchnye trudy IX kongressa kardiologov Armenii]. May 15-17. Association of Armenian Cardiologists [Assotsiatsiia armianskikh kardiologov], Erevan, 2013, pp. 141-149.
2. Akopian E.S. Recreational training as a long-term process. “Science and sport: current trends” journal on science and theory [Nauchno-tereticheskii zhurnal: “Nauka i sport: sovremennye tendentsii”. Kazan, N 2 (Vol.11), 2016. pp.18-23 (in Russ.).
3. Belov V.I. [Identification of health level and optimal physical loads for people involved in recreational training]. Theory and practice of physical culture [Teoriia i praktika fizicheskoi kultury]. 1989, no. 3, pp. 6-87. (in Russ.).
4. Buriakin F.G. Physical culture for adults and elderly individuals (general principles of theory and practice): Textbook [Uchebnoe posobie]. Moscow, RUSAINS Publ., 2017, 368 p.
5. Vlasova I.A., Gubin G.I. [Recreational training in the elderly age: Resource-saving technology of sport medicine] Physical culture in prevention, treatment and rehabilitation [Fizkultura v profilaktike, lechenii i reabilitatsii].2009, no. 1, pp. 12-14.
6. Kitmanov, V.A., Kitmanova A.A. [Adaptation of older women to physical exercises in complex recreational programs]. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture [Teoriia i praktika fizicheskoi kultury]. 2007, no. 8, pp. 5-7. (in Russ.).
7. Milner E.G. Life formula: biomedical fundamentals of recreational physical culture. Moscow, Physical culture and sport Publ., 1991, 112 p.
8. Muravov I.V. Physiological effects of physical culture and sport. – Kiev, Health [Zdorove], 1989.
9. Motylianskaia R.E., Erusalimskii L.A. Medical control during mass physical culture and health activities. – Moscow, FiS Publ.. – 96 p.
10. Pirogova E.A., Ivashchenko L.Ia., Strapko N.P. Influence of physical exercises on workability and human health. Kiev, Health Publ., 1986, 152 p.
11. Seluianov, V.N. Technologies of recreational physical education. Moscow, SportAcademPress Publ., 2001, 172 p.
12. Tiunova, O.V. [Methodological features of sport and recreational activities with elderly people]. Therapeutic exercises and massage [LFK i massazh]. 2007, no. 4, pp. 20-32. (in Russ.).
13. Füzéki E, Vogt L, Banzer W. German National Physical Activity Recommendations for Adults and Older Adults: Methods, Database and Rationale. Gesundheitswesen. 2017 Mar;79 (S 01): S20-28.
14. Horak, J., Brandejsky P., Boudova L. Adaptation to physical load in older age and its consequences for indication of physical. TeorieAprae Telesnavychory. 1983, no. 4, 207 p.
15. Karvonen, M.J., Kental E., Mustala O. The effects of on heart rate a longitudinal study. Ann Med Exp Fenn. 1957, no. 35(3), pp. 15-307.
16. Mendonca G.V., Pezarat-Correia P, Vaz JR, Silva L, Almeida ID, Heffernan KS. Impact of Exercise Training on Physiological Measures of Physical Fitness in the Elderly. Curr Aging Sci. 2016, 9(4): pp. 240-259.
