POSTURAL BALANCE WHEN PERFORMING DUAL TASKS IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS, CONSIDERING THE TYPE OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF HEART RATE

The purpose of the research is to study the features of postural balance during single support of a two-support stance, as well as when performing dual tasks in football players with different types of autonomic regulation of heart rate.

Methods and organization of the research. The study involved 80 male football athletes aged 17 to 20 years. Using the Polispectr-8 electrocardiograph, a cardiointervalogram was recorded, on the basis of which the football players were divided into groups according to the types of autonomic regulation of heart rate. Single postural and cognitive tasks, as well as dual postural and cognitive tasks, were solved. Postural tasks were performed on the Mera “ST-150” stabilometric platform and consisted in maintaining postural balance in a two-support stance. The cognitive task involves analyzing first-person video recordings of a football match.

Results and their discussion. When performing dual tasks, football players with normotonic and vagotonic types of autonomic regulation showed a significantly lower rate of deviation of the center of pressure and the level of energy consumption, as well as higher values of the balance function indicator. All groups of football players are characterized by an increase in the speed and area of movement of the center of pressure and, on the contrary, a decrease in the values of the balance function indicator when a parallel cognitive task is added to the postural task. However, football players with normotonic and vagotonic types of regulation show a smaller percentage decrease in the values of the balance function indicator when performing dual tasks relative to single posture maintenance than football players with a sympathicotonic type.

Conclusion. Football players with vagotonic and normotonic types of autonomic regulation of heart rate are characterized by a higher level of postural balance both when supporting a two-support stance alone and performing dual tasks.

• Baevsky, R.M. Mathematical analysis of changes in heart rate under stress / R.M. Baevsky, O.I. Kirillov, S.Z. Kletskin. – M.: Nauka, 1984. – p. 221.
• Berdichevskaya E.M., Panteleeva A.M. [Stabilographic bilateral characteristics of vertical stability of football players with right and left profiles of sensorimotor asymmetry]. Physical education and sports training, 2021, vol. 2, no. 36, pp. 77-86 (in Russ.).
• Dvurekova E.A., Shumansky I.I. Dynamics of physical performance of martial artists in an annual training cycle depending on the type of autonomic regulation. Scientific Notes of the P. F. Lesgaft University, 2021, no. 12, pp. 123-126 (in Russ.). DOI 10.34835/issn.2308-1961.2021.12.p123-126.
• Zhavoronkova L.A., Kushnir E.M., Zharikova A.V., Kuptsova S.V., Shevtsova T.P., Kulikov M.A., Voronov V.G. [Electroencephalographic characteristics of healthy people with different success in performing dual tasks (postural control and counting)]. Journal of Higher Nervous activities named after I.P. Pavlov, 2015, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 597-606 (in Russ.). DOI 10.7868/S0044467715050160.
• Zinurova N.G., Bykov E.V., Chipyshev A.V. [Features of blood pressure regulation in athletes of various sports depending on the degree of statokinetic stability]. Fundamental Research, 2014, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 1433-1436 (in Russ.).
• Zorin R.A., Medvedeva Yu.I., Kurepina I.S., Lapkin M.M., Zhadnov V.A. [Autonomic support of purposeful activity and its effectiveness in practically healthy individuals]. Science of the Young (Eruditio Juvenium), 2019, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 38-45 (in Russ.). DOI 10.23888/HMJ20197138-45.
• Sorokina L.V., Korolev S.A., Minaev S.N., Metlyaev G.N. [Comprehensive assessment of the functional state of athletes of oriental martial arts during the period of pre-competitive preparation]. Bulletin of sports science, 2012, no. 3, pp. 65-70 (in Russ.).
• Machinskaya R.I. [Control systems of the brain]. Journal of Higher Nervous Activity named after. I.P. Pavlov, 2015, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 33-59 (in Russ.). DOI 10.7868/S0044467715010086.
• Nazarenko A.S., Mavliev F.A. [The influence of the specifics of sports activity on the statokinetic stability of highly qualified athletes]. Science and sport: current trends, 2018, vol. 21. no. 4. pp. 37-43 (in Russ.).
• Neudakhin E.V., Talitskaya O.E. [On the advisability of using carnitine preparations in the treatment of vegetative dystonia syndrome in children]. Pediatrician practice, 2017, no. 1, pp. 38-45 (in Russ.).
• Casanova F., Oliviera J., Williams M., Garganta J. Expertise and perceptual-cognitive performance in soccer: A review. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto. – 2009. – Vol. 9. – P. 115-122.
• Fleddermann M-T., Zentgraf K. Tapping the Full Potential? Jumping Performance of Volleyball Athletes in Game-Like Situations. Front. Psychol. – 2018. – Vol. 9. – P. 1375. DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01375.
• Kooij H., Vlugt E. Postural Responses Evoked by Platform Pertubations Are Dominated by Continuous Feedback. Journal of Neurophysiology. – 2007. – Vol. 98. – P. 730-743. DOI 10.1152/jn.00457.2006.
• Lyzohub V.S., Chernenko N.P., Kozhemiako T.V., Palabiyik A.A., Bezkopylna S.V. Age peculiarities of interaction of motor and cognitive brain systems while processing information of different modality and complexity. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems. – 2019. – Vol. 10, iss. 3. – P. 288–294. DOI 10.15421/021944.
• Moreira P.E.D., Dieguez G.T.d.O., Bredt S.d.G.T., Praca G.M. The Acute and Chronic Effects of Dual-Task on the Motor and Cognitive Performances in Athletes: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. – 2021. – Vol. 18, iss. 4. – P. 1732.  DOI 10.3390/ ijerph18041732.