The dynamics of human body composition change in highly qualified swimmers

The article provides the survey findings of indicators of the body composition affecting the sport performance. The author reveals the physiological aspects of adaptation of the body composition under the influence of physical exercise and the factors affecting the sport performance. The objective is to study the impact of training loads on the adaptation processes occurring in the swimmer's body and the importance of body composition indicators for training and preparation for competitions. The survey participants were the swimming team members of the Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism performing at the local and national competitions. Research methods. Swimmers body composition was studied with the use of Tanita MC-780МА body composition analyzers. Research result. The analysis of correlative interrelations between the studied parameters of the body composition and the distance swimming speed revealed that the distance swimming speed of men and women strongly depends on the arm muscle mass. It should be emphasized that the greater the arm and leg muscle mass of the surveyed athletes is, the higher the swimming speed is. Conclusion. Maintaining constant body composition in different training periods points to the lack of adaptive response to the training load, and, accordingly, to the low training effect.

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