Article
The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the effectiveness of means to improve the basic technical fitness of female gymnasts aged 10-11 years in exercises on uneven parallel bars.
Methods and organization of the research. The main research methods were pedagogical observation of the competitive activities of the best female gymnasts of Russia (n=42) and pedagogical experiment. The pedagogical experiment was conducted on the basis of a sports school in Ufa and the Federal sports and training center of gymnastics in Kazan with the participation of 20 female gymnasts qualified for the second sports category, with a training experience of 4.6 ± 0.5 years. The duration of the pedagogical experiment was 5 months. Evaluation of the impact of the developed exercises was carried out by the method of control tests. Methods of mathematical statistics were used to represent the obtained data: Spearman correlation analysis, U Mann-Whitney criterion, T-Wilcoxon criterion, the data were processed in the “Statplus” software.
Research results and their discussion. The problem of the basic technical fitness of female gymnasts in exercises on uneven parallel bars is revealed, which manifests itself in the minimum score of the ratings received by gymnasts for the classification program of the 1st sports category, relative to the ratings on other apparatus. A strong positive correlation was revealed between the basic technical fitness of female gymnasts and the scores of free programs on uneven parallel bars. The means of increasing the basic technical fitness of female gymnasts on uneven parallel bars, based on the formation of basic skills of general and specific purpose, are proposed. The effectiveness of the developed tools has been experimentally proven; the quality indicators of the performance of control exercises (p≤0.05) in the experimental group and the implementation of the classification program of the 1st sports category on uneven parallel bars have been significantly increased.
Conclusion. The rationalization of the process of basic technical training of young female gymnasts is provided by the use of exercises taking into account the formation of basic skills of general and specific purpose, such as the skill of performing hanging throwing movements, the ability to maintain dynamic posture, the skill of balancing in a handstand and the skill of throwing swing.
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