ANALYSIS OF WORLD RECORDS IN ATHLETICS FOR MEN AT A DISTANCE OF 100 METERS BASED ON THE SYSTEM APPROACH

The research purpose is to conduct a historiographic analysis of world records in the men's 100-meter dash and, on this basis, to identify the factors that ensure the demonstration of world records.

Methods and organization of the research. Twenty men's 100-meter dash world records were analyzed, starting from the first officially registered IAAF record. These results were converted into a dependency graph with the x-axis representing years and the y -axis representing 100m running speed in m/s. Within each «jump», the dynamics of the growth of records is described by the following exponential equation: Track = To *е- kt , where Track is the record result (s) at the selected distance at any moment of the next jump in the curve; To is the initial result (s) at the starting point of the exponential jump; k – rate constant of record improvement (years -1); t – time (years) from the beginning of the next jump; e is the base of the natural logarithm. For each period and epoch of abrupt improvement of records and achievements, we calculated the values of the rate constant k, which estimates the relative rates of improvement in records.

Results and their discussion. As a result of studying the model of the development dynamics of world records in the men's 100-meter dash, 7 periods of different duration and three epochs were identified: the first and second epochs lasting 76 and 20 years, respectively, the third – 15 years. And all three eras are characterized by certain changes in the theory of sports training and other areas of human activity.

Conclusion. The process of developing world records is an open system that operates according to its own internal laws of the transition of quantitative changes into qualitative ones. The combination or accumulation of «innovations» from various areas of human activity provides a leap into a new state of the system by setting a new world record. Therefore, the world record is an integral product of the development process of the athlete training system, as well as out-of-training and out-of-competition factors.

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