FEATURES OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION IN FEMALE HANDBALL PLAYERS OF THE NEAREST RESERVE AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE ANNUAL CYCLE

Purpose of the study: to examine the characteristics of autonomic regulation in elite-prospect female handball players at various stages of the annual training cycle.

Methods and organization of the study. As part of centralized training camps conducted at various stages of the annual cycle, three teams of skilled female handball players of different age groups were assessed: 19-20 years (n=18), 17-18 years (n=21), and 16-17 years (n=21). Methods of research is analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, timing of training sessions, heart rate monitoring during sessions using the Polar Team system, heart rate variability (HRV) analysis using the "Varicard 2.52" hardware-software complex, and mathematical-statistical data processing. The female athletes were examined in the evening, two hours after training sessions, at the beginning and end of the training cycle. An active orthostatic test (AOT) was used.

Research results and their discussion. The study investigated the characteristics of autonomic regulation in elite-prospect female handball players at various stages of the annual cycle: the transition period and the first and second halves of the specialized preparatory stage. At the beginning of the transition period, the majority of the handball players examined exhibited Type II autonomic regulation and a paradoxical response to the orthostatic test. Adjusting the training program based on the athletes' current functional state made it possible to reduce the number of players showing a pronounced predominance of central regulation (Type II). During the first half of the specialized preparatory stage, the majority of the handball players exhibited a satisfactory functional state, characterized by a predominance of Type III autonomic regulation and a normal orthostatic response. However, a follow-up HRV analysis conducted as part of the training monitoring revealed a decrease in the number of athletes showing a moderate predominance of autonomic heart rate regulation (Type III) and a normal orthostatic response. In the second half of the specialized preparatory stage, Type III autonomic regulation was observed in the majority of the handball players examined. The training monitoring showed an increase in the number of athletes with Type III regulation and a normal orthostatic response, indicating adequate adaptation to training loads.

Conclusion. Analysis of autonomic regulation types made it possible to identify trends in the functional state of handball players in the immediate reserve pool across various stages of the annual training cycle.

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